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Peijun Zhao
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package com.aluer.security;
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import com.aluer.config.ServerGuardConfig;
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import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
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import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
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import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
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import java.time.Instant;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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import java.util.Collections;
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import java.util.Comparator;
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import java.util.HashMap;
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import java.util.HashSet;
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import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
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import java.util.List;
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import java.util.Locale;
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import java.util.Map;
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import java.util.Set;
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import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
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import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
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@Service
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public class MinecraftProtocolSecurityService {
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private static final long WINDOW_MS = 60_000L;
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private final ServerGuardConfig config;
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private final Map<String, MinecraftSessionProfile> profiles = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
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private final ConcurrentLinkedQueue<MinecraftThreatSignal> signals = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
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public MinecraftProtocolSecurityService() {
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this(new ServerGuardConfig());
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}
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@Autowired
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public MinecraftProtocolSecurityService(ServerGuardConfig config) {
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this.config = config;
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}
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public List<MinecraftThreatSignal> analyzePacket(String sourceIP, String destIP, int sourcePort, int destPort, byte[] payload) {
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if (!config.getSecurity().getMinecraftDefense().isEnabled()) {
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return Collections.emptyList();
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}
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if (!isMinecraftRelevantPort(destPort)) {
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return Collections.emptyList();
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}
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MinecraftSessionProfile profile = profiles.computeIfAbsent(sourceIP, MinecraftSessionProfile::new);
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profile.destinations.add(destIP);
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profile.totalPackets++;
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profile.lastSeen = System.currentTimeMillis();
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String stage = classifyStage(destPort, payload);
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recordStage(profile, stage);
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List<MinecraftThreatSignal> result = new ArrayList<>();
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if ("STATUS".equals(stage) && profile.statusRequests.size() >= config.getSecurity().getMinecraftDefense().getStatusPingThreshold()) {
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result.add(createSignal(sourceIP, "STATUS_PING_FLOOD", 88, "Frequent status probes on Minecraft port"));
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}
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if ("LOGIN".equals(stage) && profile.loginAttempts.size() >= config.getSecurity().getMinecraftDefense().getLoginBurstThreshold()) {
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result.add(createSignal(sourceIP, "LOGIN_BURST", 84, "Burst of login attempts detected"));
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}
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if ("QUERY".equals(stage) && profile.queryRequests.size() >= config.getSecurity().getMinecraftDefense().getQueryFloodThreshold()) {
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result.add(createSignal(sourceIP, "QUERY_ABUSE", 80, "Frequent query traffic detected"));
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}
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if ("RCON".equals(stage) && profile.rconAttempts.size() >= config.getSecurity().getMinecraftDefense().getRconBruteForceThreshold()) {
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result.add(createSignal(sourceIP, "RCON_BRUTE_FORCE", 92, "Repeated RCON authentication attempts"));
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}
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if (detectInvalidVarint(payload)) {
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result.add(createSignal(sourceIP, "INVALID_VARINT", 90, "Malformed VarInt header detected"));
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}
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if (detectMalformedHandshake(destPort, payload)) {
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result.add(createSignal(sourceIP, "MALFORMED_HANDSHAKE", 82, "Unexpected or truncated handshake"));
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}
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if (detectCompressionAbuse(payload)) {
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result.add(createSignal(sourceIP, "COMPRESSION_ABUSE", 72, "Large or repetitive payload suggests compression abuse"));
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}
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if (detectProtocolStateBypass(profile, stage)) {
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result.add(createSignal(sourceIP, "PROTOCOL_STATE_BYPASS", 86, "Unexpected protocol stage transition"));
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}
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if (stage.equals("LOGIN") || stage.equals("STATUS")) {
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int uniqueSources = countUniqueSourcesForStage(stage);
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if (uniqueSources >= config.getSecurity().getMinecraftDefense().getBotSwarmThreshold()) {
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result.add(createSignal(sourceIP, "BOT_SWARM", 78, "Multiple IPs are synchronously probing Minecraft"));
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}
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}
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for (MinecraftThreatSignal signal : result) {
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profile.signalsTriggered.merge(signal.type, 1, Integer::sum);
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signals.offer(signal);
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}
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while (signals.size() > 1000) {
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signals.poll();
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}
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return result;
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}
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public List<MinecraftThreatSignal> getRecentSignals(int limit) {
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List<MinecraftThreatSignal> result = new ArrayList<>();
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int count = 0;
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for (MinecraftThreatSignal signal : signals) {
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if (count++ >= limit) {
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break;
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}
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result.add(signal);
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}
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result.sort(Comparator.comparingLong(MinecraftThreatSignal::getTimestamp).reversed());
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return result;
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}
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public List<MinecraftThreatSignal> getSignalsForIp(String ip, int limit) {
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List<MinecraftThreatSignal> result = new ArrayList<>();
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for (MinecraftThreatSignal signal : getRecentSignals(200)) {
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if (ip.equals(signal.sourceIP)) {
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result.add(signal);
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if (result.size() >= limit) {
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break;
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}
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}
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}
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return result;
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}
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public Map<String, Object> getPosture() {
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Map<String, Object> posture = new LinkedHashMap<>();
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posture.put("activeSessions", profiles.size());
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posture.put("recentSignals", signals.size());
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posture.put("botSwarmSources", countSignals("BOT_SWARM"));
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posture.put("rconRisk", countSignals("RCON_BRUTE_FORCE"));
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posture.put("malformedPackets", countSignals("INVALID_VARINT") + countSignals("MALFORMED_HANDSHAKE"));
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posture.put("topSources", getTopProfiles(5));
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return posture;
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}
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public List<Map<String, Object>> getSessionProfiles(int limit) {
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return getTopProfiles(limit);
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}
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private List<Map<String, Object>> getTopProfiles(int limit) {
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List<MinecraftSessionProfile> sessionProfiles = new ArrayList<>(profiles.values());
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sessionProfiles.sort(Comparator.comparingLong((MinecraftSessionProfile profile) -> profile.totalPackets).reversed());
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List<Map<String, Object>> result = new ArrayList<>();
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for (MinecraftSessionProfile profile : sessionProfiles) {
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if (result.size() >= limit) {
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break;
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}
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result.add(profile.toMap());
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}
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return result;
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}
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private int countSignals(String type) {
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int count = 0;
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for (MinecraftThreatSignal signal : signals) {
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if (type.equals(signal.type)) {
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count++;
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}
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}
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return count;
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}
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private int countUniqueSourcesForStage(String stage) {
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Set<String> sources = new HashSet<>();
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long cutoff = System.currentTimeMillis() - WINDOW_MS;
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for (MinecraftSessionProfile profile : profiles.values()) {
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List<Long> timestamps = switch (stage) {
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case "STATUS" -> profile.statusRequests;
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case "LOGIN" -> profile.loginAttempts;
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default -> List.of();
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};
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timestamps.removeIf(timestamp -> timestamp < cutoff);
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if (!timestamps.isEmpty()) {
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sources.add(profile.sourceIP);
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}
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}
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return sources.size();
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}
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private boolean detectInvalidVarint(byte[] payload) {
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if (payload == null || payload.length == 0) {
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return false;
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}
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int continuation = 0;
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for (int i = 0; i < Math.min(6, payload.length); i++) {
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if ((payload[i] & 0x80) != 0) {
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continuation++;
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} else {
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break;
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}
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}
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return continuation > 4;
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}
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private boolean detectMalformedHandshake(int destPort, byte[] payload) {
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if (payload == null) {
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return true;
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}
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if (destPort == config.getSecurity().getMinecraftDefense().getGameTcpPort() && payload.length < 2) {
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return true;
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}
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String content = payload.length == 0 ? "" : new String(payload, StandardCharsets.UTF_8).toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
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return content.contains("handshake") && payload.length < 8;
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}
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private boolean detectCompressionAbuse(byte[] payload) {
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if (payload == null || payload.length < config.getSecurity().getMinecraftDefense().getCompressionPayloadThreshold()) {
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return false;
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}
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int repeated = 0;
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for (int i = 1; i < payload.length; i++) {
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if (payload[i] == payload[i - 1]) {
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repeated++;
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}
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}
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return repeated > payload.length / 3;
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}
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private boolean detectProtocolStateBypass(MinecraftSessionProfile profile, String stage) {
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if (profile.lastStage == null || stage.equals(profile.lastStage)) {
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return false;
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}
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if ("LOGIN".equals(stage) && !"HANDSHAKE".equals(profile.lastStage)) {
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return true;
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}
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if ("QUERY".equals(stage) && "RCON".equals(profile.lastStage)) {
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return true;
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}
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return "RCON".equals(stage) && "STATUS".equals(profile.lastStage);
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}
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private String classifyStage(int destPort, byte[] payload) {
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if (destPort == config.getSecurity().getMinecraftDefense().getRconTcpPort()) {
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return "RCON";
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}
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if (destPort == config.getSecurity().getMinecraftDefense().getQueryUdpPort() && payload != null && payload.length > 0 && payload[0] == (byte) 0xFE) {
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return "QUERY";
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}
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String content = payload == null ? "" : new String(payload, StandardCharsets.UTF_8).toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
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if (content.contains("status") || content.contains("ping")) {
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return "STATUS";
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}
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if (content.contains("login") || content.contains("join")) {
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return "LOGIN";
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}
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if (content.contains("handshake")) {
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return "HANDSHAKE";
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}
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if (content.contains("query")) {
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return "QUERY";
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}
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return destPort == config.getSecurity().getMinecraftDefense().getGameTcpPort() ? "HANDSHAKE" : "UNKNOWN";
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}
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private void recordStage(MinecraftSessionProfile profile, String stage) {
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long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
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profile.lastStage = stage;
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switch (stage) {
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case "STATUS" -> pruneAndAdd(profile.statusRequests, now);
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case "LOGIN" -> pruneAndAdd(profile.loginAttempts, now);
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case "QUERY" -> pruneAndAdd(profile.queryRequests, now);
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case "RCON" -> pruneAndAdd(profile.rconAttempts, now);
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default -> pruneAndAdd(profile.handshakes, now);
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}
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}
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private void pruneAndAdd(List<Long> timestamps, long timestamp) {
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timestamps.removeIf(existing -> existing < timestamp - WINDOW_MS);
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timestamps.add(timestamp);
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}
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private MinecraftThreatSignal createSignal(String sourceIP, String type, int confidence, String details) {
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return new MinecraftThreatSignal(sourceIP, type, confidence, details, Instant.now().toEpochMilli());
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}
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private boolean isMinecraftRelevantPort(int port) {
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ServerGuardConfig.MinecraftDefenseConfig defense = config.getSecurity().getMinecraftDefense();
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return port == defense.getGameTcpPort()
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|| port == defense.getQueryUdpPort()
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|| port == defense.getRconTcpPort();
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}
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public static class MinecraftThreatSignal {
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private final String sourceIP;
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private final String type;
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private final int confidence;
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private final String details;
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private final long timestamp;
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public MinecraftThreatSignal(String sourceIP, String type, int confidence, String details, long timestamp) {
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this.sourceIP = sourceIP;
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this.type = type;
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this.confidence = confidence;
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this.details = details;
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this.timestamp = timestamp;
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}
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public String getSourceIP() { return sourceIP; }
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public String getType() { return type; }
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public int getConfidence() { return confidence; }
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public String getDetails() { return details; }
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public long getTimestamp() { return timestamp; }
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}
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public static class MinecraftSessionProfile {
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private final String sourceIP;
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private final Set<String> destinations = ConcurrentHashMap.newKeySet();
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private final List<Long> statusRequests = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
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private final List<Long> loginAttempts = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
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private final List<Long> queryRequests = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
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private final List<Long> rconAttempts = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
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private final List<Long> handshakes = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
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private final Map<String, Integer> signalsTriggered = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
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private volatile long totalPackets = 0;
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private volatile long lastSeen = System.currentTimeMillis();
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private volatile String lastStage = null;
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public MinecraftSessionProfile(String sourceIP) {
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this.sourceIP = sourceIP;
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}
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public Map<String, Object> toMap() {
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Map<String, Object> data = new HashMap<>();
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data.put("sourceIP", sourceIP);
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data.put("totalPackets", totalPackets);
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data.put("destinations", destinations.size());
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data.put("statusRequests", statusRequests.size());
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data.put("loginAttempts", loginAttempts.size());
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data.put("queryRequests", queryRequests.size());
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data.put("rconAttempts", rconAttempts.size());
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data.put("signalsTriggered", signalsTriggered);
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data.put("lastStage", lastStage);
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data.put("lastSeen", lastSeen);
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return data;
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}
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}
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}
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